Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced artificial intelligence, yet their high com-putational, energy, and privacy costs pose substantial challenges. In contrast, Small Language Models(SLMs), typically with fewer than 15 billion parameters, have emerged as efficient alternatives. Thissurvey provides a comprehensive analysis of the SLM landscape, tracing their evolution and examiningarchitectural innovations that enhance efficiency. A novel multi-axis taxonomy is introduced to classifySLMs by genesis, architecture, and optimization goals, offering a structured framework for this field.Performance benchmarks are […]

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Around 1637, Pierre de Fermat famously wrote in the margin of a book that he had a proof for the equation $a^n + b^n = c^n$ having no positive integer solutions for exponents $n$ greater than 2. This statement, now known as Fermat’s Last Theorem, remained unproven for centuries, despite the efforts of countless mathematicians. Andrew Wiles’ work in 1994 finally provided a rigorous proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem. However, Wiles’ proof relied on advanced mathematical techniques that […]

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Drug development is producing more data than ever, and large pharmaceutical companies like AstraZeneca are turning to AI to make sense of it. The challenge is no longer whether AI can help, but how tightly it needs to be built into research and clinical work to improve decisions around trials and treatment. That question helps explain why AstraZeneca is bringing Modella AI in-house. The company has agreed to acquire the Boston-based AI firm as it looks to deepen […]

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Marcus Briggs has walked into gold vaults on three continents. The first time, in Dubai nearly fifteen years ago, I expected armed guards, heavy doors, maybe a few cameras. What I found was something closer to science fiction. Retinal scanners, mantrap airlocks, pressure-sensitive flooring that could detect an extra kilogram of weight. The gold itself almost felt secondary to the technology protecting it. Over two decades in the gold trading industry across the Middle East and Africa, I […]

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arXiv:2602.02224v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Neural networks represent more features than they have dimensions via superposition, forcing features to share representational space. Current methods decompose activations into sparse linear features but discard geometric structure. We develop a theory for studying the geometric structre of features by analyzing the spectra (eigenvalues, eigenspaces, etc.) of weight derived matrices. In particular, we introduce the frame operator $F = WW^top$, which gives us a spectral measure that describes how each feature allocates […]

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How OpenAI built a real-time access system combining rate limits, usage tracking, and credits to power continuous access to Sora and Codex.

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Research papers point to the growing impact of Deep Think across fields

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Formonger is an API-first, serverless form backend that earned a 41 Proof of Usefulness score by helping developers ship secure, spam-filtered forms without repetitive boilerplate.

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Prompt-based continual learning methods effectively mitigate catastrophic forgetting. However, most existing methods assign a fixed set of prompts to each task, completely isolating knowledge across tasks and resulting in suboptimal parameter utilization. To address this, we consider the practical needs of continual learning and propose a prompt-sharing framework. This framework constructs a global prompt pool and introduces a task-aware gated routing mechanism that sparsely activates a subset of prompts to achieve dynamic decoupling and collaborative optimization of task-specific […]

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