arXiv:2604.02250v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Understanding causal dependencies in observational data is critical for informing decision-making. These relationships are often modeled as Bayesian Networks (BNs) and Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs). Existing methods, such as NOTEARS and DAG-GNN, often face issues with scalability and stability in high-dimensional data, especially when there is a feature-sample imbalance. Here, we show that the denoising score matching objective of diffusion models could smooth the gradients for faster, more stable convergence. We also propose […]

Ver mais

arXiv:2602.15856v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) effectively grounds Large Language Models (LLMs) with external knowledge and is widely applied to Web-related tasks. However, its scalability is hindered by excessive context length and redundant retrievals. Recent research on soft context compression aims to address this by encoding long documents into compact embeddings, yet they often underperform non-compressed RAG due to their reliance on auto-encoder-like full-compression that forces the encoder to compress all document information regardless of relevance […]

Ver mais

arXiv:2601.18145v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Computation of confidence sets is central to data science and machine learning, serving as the workhorse of A/B testing and underpinning the operation and analysis of reinforcement learning algorithms. Among all valid confidence sets for the multinomial parameter, minimum-volume confidence sets (MVCs) are optimal in that they minimize average volume, but they are defined as level sets of an exact p-value that is discontinuous and difficult to compute. Rather than attempting to characterize […]

Ver mais

Table of Links Abstract and 1. Introduction Methods Quantitative Results and Creativity Support Index Qualitative Results from Focus Group Discussions Discussion Mitigations and Conclusion and Acknowledgments Ethical Guidance References A. Related Work on Computational Humour, AI and Comedy B. Participant Questionaire C. Focus C FOCUS GROUP QUESTIONS C.1 Qualitative questions about the specific writing task • Did you find any of the generated outputs helpful? If so, could you recall one output that was usable and explain in […]

Ver mais

Implementing your own neural network can be hard, especially if you’re like me, coming from a computer science background, math equations/syntax makes you dizzy and you would understand things better using actual code. Today I’ll show you how easy it is to implement a flexible neural network and train it using the backpropagation algorithm.

Ver mais

arXiv:2602.09202v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The accelerating militarization of artificial intelligence has transformed the ethics, politics, and governance of warfare. This article interrogates how AI-driven targeting systems function as epistemic infrastructures that classify, legitimize, and execute violence, using Israel’s conduct in Gaza as a paradigmatic case. Through the lens of responsibility, the article examines three interrelated dimensions: (a) political responsibility, exploring how states exploit AI to accelerate warfare while evading accountability; (b) professional responsibility, addressing the complicity of […]

Ver mais

arXiv:2603.12397v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Chain-of-Thought (CoT) is often viewed as a window into LLM decision-making, yet recent work suggests it may function merely as post-hoc rationalization. This raises a critical alignment question: Does the reasoning trace causally shape model generalization independent of the final answer? To isolate reasoning’s causal effect, we design a controlled experiment holding final harmful answers constant while varying reasoning paths. We construct datasets with textit{Evil} reasoning embracing malice, textit{Misleading} reasoning rationalizing harm, and […]

Ver mais

arXiv:2602.11208v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The Earth’s subsurface is a cornerstone of modern society, providing essential energy resources like hydrocarbons, geothermal, and minerals while serving as the primary reservoir for $CO_2$ sequestration. However, full physics numerical simulations of these systems are notoriously computationally expensive due to geological heterogeneity, high resolution requirements, and the tight coupling of physical processes with distinct propagation time scales. Here we propose the textbf{Adaptive Physics Transformer} (APT), a geometry-, mesh-, and physics-agnostic neural operator […]

Ver mais

arXiv:2603.26813v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In High Energy Physics, detailed calorimeter simulations and reconstructions are essential for accurate energy measurements and particle identification, but their high granularity makes them computationally expensive. Developing data-driven techniques capable of recovering fine-grained information from coarser readouts, a task known as calorimeter superresolution, offers a promising way to reduce both computational and hardware costs while preserving detector performance. This thesis investigates whether a generative model originally designed for fast simulation can be effectively […]

Ver mais