arXiv:2502.15110v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Bayesian phylogenetics is vital for understanding evolutionary dynamics, and requires accurate and efficient approximation of posterior distributions over trees. In this work, we develop a variational Bayesian approach for ultrametric phylogenetic trees. We present a novel variational family based on coalescent times of a single-linkage clustering and derive a closed-form density for the resulting distribution over trees. Unlike existing methods for ultrametric trees, our method performs inference over all of tree space, it […]

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Google AI Ultra subscribers in the U.S. can try out Project Genie, an experimental research prototype that lets you create and explore worlds.

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What you will learn from this tutorial: Why Actor–Critic exists, and why Q-learning/DQN and pure gradient policy are not enough for real problems. What are the real limitations of value-based methods and policy-gradient methods: variance, stability, late feedback, weak exploration, difficulties in continuous actions. How Actor–Critic solves these problems, by clearly separating the roles: actor = decision, critic = evaluation, and by introducing stable feedback through TD-learning. How the Actor–Critic cycle works in practice, step-by-step: observation –> action […]

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arXiv:2602.13244v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) have moved from research and pilot projects into everyday business operations, with generative AI accelerating adoption across processes, products, and services. This paper introduces the concept of Responsible AI for organizational practice, with a particular focus on small and medium-sized enterprises. It structures Responsible AI along four focal areas that are central for introducing and operating AI systems in a legally compliant, comprehensible, sustainable, and data-sovereign […]

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arXiv:2602.10177v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in foundational models have yielded reasoning systems capable of achieving a gold-medal standard at the International Mathematical Olympiad. The transition from competition-level problem-solving to professional research, however, requires navigating vast literature and constructing long-horizon proofs. In this work, we introduce Aletheia, a math research agent that iteratively generates, verifies, and revises solutions end-to-end in natural language. Specifically, Aletheia is powered by an advanced version of Gemini Deep Think for challenging reasoning […]

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Setting the learning rate for a deep learning model is a critical part of successful training, yet choosing this hyperparameter is often done empirically with trial and error. In this work, we explore a solvable model of optimal learning rate schedules for a powerlaw random feature model trained with stochastic gradient descent (SGD). We consider the optimal schedule $η_T^star(t)$ where $t$ is the current iterate and $T$ is the total training horizon. This schedule is computed both numerically […]

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Preference elicitation (PE) is an important component of interactive decision support systems that aim to make optimal recommendations to users by actively querying their preferences. In this paper, we outline five principles important for PE in real-world problems: (1) real-time, (2) multiattribute, (3) low cognitive load, (4) robust to noise, and (5) scalable. In light of these requirements, we introduce an approximate PE framework based on TrueSkill for performing efficient closed-form Bayesian updates and query selection for a […]

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arXiv:2601.21014v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Learning causal structures from observational data remains a fundamental yet computationally intensive task, particularly in high-dimensional settings where existing methods face challenges such as the super-exponential growth of the search space and increasing computational demands. To address this, we introduce VISTA (Voting-based Integration of Subgraph Topologies for Acyclicity), a modular framework that decomposes the global causal structure learning problem into local subgraphs based on Markov Blankets. The global integration is achieved through a […]

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arXiv:2601.02444v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The rapid advancement of speech synthesis technologies, including text-to-speech (TTS) and voice conversion (VC), has intensified security and privacy concerns related to voice cloning. Recent defenses attempt to prevent unauthorized cloning by embedding protective perturbations into speech to obscure speaker identity while maintaining intelligibility. However, adversaries can apply advanced purification techniques to remove these perturbations, recover authentic acoustic characteristics, and regenerate cloneable voices. Despite the growing realism of such attacks, the robustness of […]

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The volume of scientific submissions continues to climb, outpacing the capacity of qualified human referees and stretching editorial timelines. At the same time, modern large language models (LLMs) offer impressive capabilities in summarization, fact checking, and literature triage, making the integration of AI into peer review increasingly attractive—and, in practice, unavoidable. Yet early deployments and informal adoption have exposed acute failure modes. Recent incidents have revealed that hidden prompt injections embedded in manuscripts can steer AI-generated reviews toward […]

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