arXiv:2603.09985v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, yet their ability to accurately assess their own confidence remains poorly understood. We present an empirical study investigating whether LLMs exhibit patterns reminiscent of the Dunning-Kruger effect — a cognitive bias where individuals with limited competence tend to overestimate their abilities. We evaluate four state-of-the-art models (Claude Haiku 4.5, Gemini 2.5 Pro, Gemini 2.5 Flash, and Kimi K2) across four benchmark datasets […]

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The most cited figure in startup failure research comes from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: roughly 20% of businesses fail in their first year, and about 65% within ten years. For technology companies specifically, CB Insights’ analysis of over 110 startup post-mortems found that 42% failed because there was no genuine market need for what they built. Running out of cash was second at 29% — but as the report noted, cash problems typically trail the market […]

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arXiv:2603.22332v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Data imputation is a cornerstone technique for handling missing values in real-world datasets, which are often plagued by missingness. Despite recent progress, prior studies on Large Language Models-based imputation remain limited by scalability challenges, restricted cross-model comparisons, and evaluations conducted on small or domain-specific datasets. Furthermore, heterogeneous experimental protocols and inconsistent treatment of missingness mechanisms (MCAR, MAR, and MNAR) hinder systematic benchmarking across methods. This work investigates the robustness of Large Language Models […]

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arXiv:2510.04072v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has become central to enhancing reasoning in large language models (LLMs). Yet on-policy algorithms such as Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) often suffer in early training: noisy gradients from low-quality rollouts lead to unstable updates and inefficient exploration. We introduce Slow-Fast Policy Optimization (SFPO), a simple yet efficient framework to address the above limitations via decomposing each step into three stages: a short fast trajectory of inner steps on the […]

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arXiv:2602.13322v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present the PolyShapes-Ideal (PSI) dataset, a suite of diagnostic benchmarks designed to isolate topological invariance — the ability to maintain structural identity across affine transformations — from the textural correlations that dominate standard vision benchmarks. Through three diagnostic probes (polygon classification under noise, zero-shot font transfer from MNIST, and geometric collapse mapping under progressive deformation), we demonstrate that the Eidos architecture achieves >99% accuracy on PSI and 81.67% zero-shot transfer across 30 […]

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arXiv:2603.05697v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) achieve strong performance on benchmarks that evaluate text, image, or video understanding separately. However, these settings do not assess a critical real-world requirement, which involves retrieving relevant evidence from large, heterogeneous multimodal corpora prior to reasoning. Most existing benchmarks restrict retrieval to small, single-modality candidate sets, substantially simplifying the search space and overstating end-to-end reliability. To address this gap, we introduce MultiHaystack, the first benchmark designed to evaluate […]

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arXiv:2604.07455v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We describe an experiment in LLM-assisted autoformalization that produced over 85,000 lines of Isabelle/HOL code covering all 39 sections of Munkres’ Topology (general topology, Chapters 2–8), from topological spaces through dimension theory. The LLM-based coding agents (initially ChatGPT 5.2 and then Claude Opus 4.6) used 24 active days for that. The formalization is complete: all 806 formal results are fully proved with zero sorry’s. Proved results include the Tychonoff theorem, the Baire category […]

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arXiv:2602.15149v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce SoliDualSPHysics, a novel open-source and GPU-accelerated software that extends DualSPHysics to enable the numerical simulation of hyperelastic, finite-strain plastic, and brittle fracture behavior in deformable solids within a unified smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) formulation. The software implements a total Lagrangian formulation for solid mechanics that allows direct application of external loads and boundary conditions, enabling independent solid mechanics simulations. Brittle fracture is modeled through a phase-field approach coupled with SPH, allowing […]

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arXiv:2603.28886v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Graph-augmented retrieval combines dense similarity with graph-based relevance signals such as Personalized PageRank (PPR), but these scores have different distributions and are not directly comparable. We study this as a score calibration problem for heterogeneous retrieval fusion in multi-hop question answering. Our method, PhaseGraph, maps vector and graph scores to a common unit-free scale using percentile-rank normalization (PIT) before fusion, enabling stable combination without discarding magnitude information. Across MuSiQue and 2WikiMultiHopQA, calibrated fusion […]

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