Drivers Should Stop Subsidizing Mass Transit

Drivers Should Stop Subsidizing Mass Transit

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Krit Chanwong The federal government uses the Federal Highway Trust Fund to administer funding to highways and mass transit. Unfortunately, the Congressional Budget Office projects that the trust fund will go insolvent in 2028. When this happens, all federal highway spending will face a 46 percent cut. One way to prevent the Federal Highway Trust Fund from going bankrupt is to raise the federal gas tax. Economist Jason Sorens advocated for this in a recent piece for Reason […]

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The Machine Learning “Advent Calendar” Day 6: Decision Tree Regressor

The Machine Learning “Advent Calendar” Day 6: Decision Tree Regressor

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During the first days of this Machine Learning Advent Calendar, we explored models based on distances. Today, we switch to a completely different way of learning: Decision Trees. With a simple one-feature dataset, we can see how a tree chooses its first split. The idea is always the same: if humans can guess the split visually, then we can rebuild the logic step by step in Excel. By listing all possible split values and computing the MSE for […]

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A smarter way for large language models to think about hard problems

A smarter way for large language models to think about hard problems

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To make large language models (LLMs) more accurate when answering harder questions, researchers can let the model spend more time thinking about potential solutions. But common approaches that give LLMs this capability set a fixed computational budget for every problem, regardless of how complex it is. This means the LLM might waste computational resources on simpler questions or be unable to tackle intricate problems that require more reasoning. To address this, MIT researchers developed a smarter way to allocate […]

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Learn without labels: a summary of recent advances in contrastive learning

Learn without labels: a summary of recent advances in contrastive learning

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By Tony Z. Zhao In this post, we are going to decode some very recent advances in contrastive learning including SimCLR and supervised contrastive learning. We will take a deep dive into contrastive learning algorithms and try to understand the intuition behind it. For context, we are going to assume basic knowledge of deep learning. Introduction Sensors can give us incredibly detailed measurements: even our cell phone cameras are capable of taking photos that have more than 10 […]

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The Christmas Season as Gift

The Christmas Season as Gift

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In her new book, The True Gifts of Christmas: Unwrapping the Meaning Behind Our Most Cherished Traditions, TV’s Megan Alexander shares the origin of her love for the Yuletide season and the meaning behind many of its most beloved traditions. Continue Reading…

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Kernel Principal Component Analysis (PCA): Explained with an Example

Kernel Principal Component Analysis (PCA): Explained with an Example

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Dimensionality reduction techniques like PCA work wonderfully when datasets are linearly separable—but they break down the moment nonlinear patterns appear. That’s exactly what happens with datasets such as two moons: PCA flattens the structure and mixes the classes together.  Kernel PCA fixes this limitation by mapping the data into a higher-dimensional feature space where nonlinear patterns become linearly separable. In this article, we’ll walk through how Kernel PCA works and use a simple example to visually compare PCA […]

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Trump Can’t Kill the Education Department by Interagency Agreement

Trump Can’t Kill the Education Department by Interagency Agreement

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Neal McCluskey President Donald Trump wants to dismantle the U.S. Department of Education. It’s the right goal. The Constitution gives Washington no authority to govern in education, much less with a Cabinet-level department, and there is no meaningful evidence the thing has done much good. It is mainly a pass-through for money and has proven incompetent, failing, for instance, to even complete basic audits three years in a row. , But wanting to shutter the department is not […]

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