Does Correlation Mean Causation?
Carl Menger wrote, “All things are subject to the law of cause and effect.” Unfortunately, modern academic economists all too often confuse correlation of economic phenomena with causality.
");vwo_$('head').append(_vwo_sel);return vwo_$('head')[0] && vwo_$('head')[0].lastChild;})("HEAD")}}, R_779371_2_1_2_0:{ fn:function(log,nonce=''){return (function(x) {
if(!vwo_$.fn.vwoRevertHtml){
return;
};
var ctx=vwo_$(x),el;
/*vwo_debug log("Revert","content",""); vwo_debug*/;
el=vwo_$('[vwo-element-id="1731944693715"]');
el.revertContentOp().remove();})("HEAD")}}, C_779371_2_1_2_1:{ fn:function(log,nonce=''){return (function(x) {var el,ctx=vwo_$(x);
/*vwo_debug log("content",".vwo-tooltip__heading"); vwo_debug*/el=vwo_$(".vwo-tooltip__heading"),vwo_$(".vwo-tooltip__heading").each((function(){this.__vwoControlOuterHTML=this.__vwoControlOuterHTML||this.outerHTML,vwo_$(this).nonEmptyContents().eq(0).replaceWith2(document.createTextNode("Achou interessante?"))})),(el=vwo_$(".vwo-tooltip__heading")).vwoCss({transition:"none !important"}),(el=vwo_$(".vwo-tooltip")).vwoCss({"background-color":"rgba(222,224,226,1) !important"}),el.vwoCss({transition:"none !important"}),(el=vwo_$(".vwo-tooltip__heading")).vwoCss({color:"#666666 !important","font-size":"16px !important","text-transform":"capitalize !important"}),el.vwoCss({transition:"none !important"}),(el=vwo_$(".vwo-tooltip__content")).vwoCss({color:"#666666 !important","text-transform":"lowercase !important"}),el.vwoCss({transition:"none !important"});})(".vwo-tooltip")}}, R_779371_2_1_2_1:{ fn:function(log,nonce=''){return (function(x) {
if(!vwo_$.fn.vwoRevertHtml){
return;
};
var el,ctx=vwo_$(x);
/*vwo_debug log("Revert","editElement",".vwo-tooltip__content"); vwo_debug*/(el=vwo_$(".vwo-tooltip__content")).vwoRevertCss(),(el=vwo_$(".vwo-tooltip__heading")).vwoRevertCss(),(el=vwo_$(".vwo-tooltip")).vwoRevertCss(),(el=vwo_$(".vwo-tooltip__heading")).revertContentOp(),(el=vwo_$(".vwo-tooltip__heading")).vwoRevertCss();})(".vwo-tooltip")}}, C_779371_2_1_2_2:{ fn:function(log,nonce=''){return (function(x) {})(".more-link,[x-placement^=bottom]")}}},rules:[{"tags":[{"id":"runCampaign","data":"campaigns.2","priority":4}],"triggers":["4167413"]},{"tags":[{"data":{"type":"g","campaigns":[{"g":1,"c":2}]},"metricId":0,"id":"metric"}],"triggers":["9586245"]},{"tags":[{"id":"urlChange"}],"triggers":["75"]},{"tags":[{"id":"checkEnvironment"}],"triggers":["5"]},{"tags":[{"id":"prePostMutation","priority":3},{"id":"groupCampaigns","priority":2}],"triggers":["8"]},{"tags":[{"id":"visibilityService","priority":2}],"triggers":["9"]},{"tags":[{"id":"runTestCampaign"}],"triggers":["2"]}],pages:{"ec":[{"1614537":{"inc":["o",["url","urlReg","(?i)^https?\\:\\\/\\\/(w{3}\\.)?digitado\\.com\\.br\\\/?(?:[\\?#].*)?$"],["url","urlReg","(?i)https:\\\/\\\/digitado.com.br\\\/[a-z]|[0-9]{0,4}"]]}}]},pagesEval:{"ec":[1614537]},stags:{}}})();
;;var commonWrapper=function(argument){if(!argument){argument={valuesGetter:function(){return{}},valuesSetter:function(){},verifyData:function(){return{}}}}const getVisitorUuid=function(){if(window._vwo_acc_id>=1037725){return window.VWO&&window.VWO.get("visitor.id")}else{return window.VWO._&&window.VWO._.cookies&&window.VWO._.cookies.get("_vwo_uuid")}};var pollInterval=100;var timeout=6e4;return function(){var accountIntegrationSettings={};var _interval=null;function waitForAnalyticsVariables(){try{accountIntegrationSettings=argument.valuesGetter();accountIntegrationSettings.visitorUuid=getVisitorUuid()}catch(error){accountIntegrationSettings=undefined}if(accountIntegrationSettings&&argument.verifyData(accountIntegrationSettings)){argument.valuesSetter(accountIntegrationSettings);return 1}return 0}var currentTime=0;_interval=setInterval((function(){currentTime=currentTime||performance.now();var result=waitForAnalyticsVariables();if(result||performance.now()-currentTime>=timeout){clearInterval(_interval)}}),pollInterval)}};
var pushBasedCommonWrapper=function(argument){var firedCamp={};if(!argument){argument={integrationName:"",getExperimentList:function(){},accountSettings:function(){},pushData:function(){}}}return function(){window.VWO=window.VWO||[];const getVisitorUuid=function(){if(window._vwo_acc_id>=1037725){return window.VWO&&window.VWO.get("visitor.id")}else{return window.VWO._&&window.VWO._.cookies&&window.VWO._.cookies.get("_vwo_uuid")}};var sendDebugLogsOld=function(expId,variationId,errorType,user_type,data){try{var errorPayload={f:argument["integrationName"]||"",a:window._vwo_acc_id,url:window.location.href,exp:expId,v:variationId,vwo_uuid:getVisitorUuid(),user_type:user_type};if(errorType=="initIntegrationCallback"){errorPayload["log_type"]="initIntegrationCallback";errorPayload["data"]=JSON.stringify(data||"")}else if(errorType=="timeout"){errorPayload["timeout"]=true}if(window.VWO._.customError){window.VWO._.customError({msg:"integration debug",url:window.location.href,lineno:"",colno:"",source:JSON.stringify(errorPayload)})}}catch(e){window.VWO._.customError&&window.VWO._.customError({msg:"integration debug failed",url:"",lineno:"",colno:"",source:""})}};var sendDebugLogs=function(expId,variationId,errorType,user_type){var eventName="vwo_debugLogs";var eventPayload={};try{eventPayload={intName:argument["integrationName"]||"",varId:variationId,expId:expId,type:errorType,vwo_uuid:getVisitorUuid(),user_type:user_type};if(window.VWO._.event){window.VWO._.event(eventName,eventPayload,{enableLogs:1})}}catch(e){eventPayload={msg:"integration event log failed",url:window.location.href};window.VWO._.event&&window.VWO._.event(eventName,eventPayload)}};const callbackFn=function(data){if(!data)return;var expId=data[1],variationId=data[2],repeated=data[0],singleCall=0,debug=0;var experimentList=argument.getExperimentList();var integrationName=argument["integrationName"]||"vwo";if(typeof argument.accountSettings==="function"){var accountSettings=argument.accountSettings();if(accountSettings){singleCall=accountSettings["singleCall"];debug=accountSettings["debug"]}}if(debug){sendDebugLogs(expId,variationId,"intCallTriggered",repeated)}if(singleCall&&(repeated==="vS"||repeated==="vSS")||firedCamp[expId]){return}window.expList=window.expList||{};var expList=window.expList[integrationName]=window.expList[integrationName]||[];if(expId&&variationId&&["VISUAL_AB","VISUAL","SPLIT_URL"].indexOf(_vwo_exp[expId].type)>-1){if(experimentList.indexOf(+expId)!==-1){firedCamp[expId]=variationId;var visitorUuid=getVisitorUuid();var pollInterval=100;var currentTime=0;var timeout=6e4;var user_type=_vwo_exp[expId].exec?"vwo-retry":"vwo-new";var interval=setInterval((function(){if(expList.indexOf(expId)!==-1){clearInterval(interval);return}currentTime=currentTime||performance.now();var toClearInterval=argument.pushData(expId,variationId,visitorUuid);if(debug&&toClearInterval){sendDebugLogsOld(expId,variationId,"",user_type);sendDebugLogs(expId,variationId,"intDataPushed",user_type)}var isTimeout=performance.now()-currentTime>=timeout;if(isTimeout&&debug){sendDebugLogsOld(expId,variationId,"timeout",user_type);sendDebugLogs(expId,variationId,"intTimeout",user_type)}if(toClearInterval||isTimeout){clearInterval(interval)}if(toClearInterval){window.expList[integrationName].push(expId)}}),pollInterval||100)}}};window.VWO.push(["onVariationApplied",callbackFn]);window.VWO.push(["onVariationShownSent",callbackFn])}};
var validationUtils={exists:function(path){try{const parts=path.split(".");let current=window;for(const part of parts){if(current[part]===undefined){return false}current=current[part]}return true}catch(e){return false}},safeExecute:function(path,args=[]){try{const parts=path.split(".");let current=window;for(const part of parts){if(current[part]===undefined){return false}current=current[part]}if(typeof current!=="function"){return false}return current(...args)}catch(e){return false}},validateAll:function(paths){return paths.every(path=>this.exists(path))}};
var surveyDataCommonWrapper=function(argument){if(!argument){argument={getCampaignList:function(){return[]},surveyStatusChange:function(){},answerSubmitted:function(){}}}return function(){window.VWO=window.VWO||[];function getValuesFromAnswers(answers){var values=[];for(var i=0;i Carl Menger wrote, “All things are subject to the law of cause and effect.” Unfortunately, modern academic economists all too often confuse correlation of economic phenomena with causality. 4/27/1822: President Ulysses S. Grant’s birthday. He would appoint four Justices to the Supreme Court: Chief Justice Waite, Justice Strong, Justice Bradley, and Justice Hunt. President Grant’s appointees The post Today in Supreme Court History: April 27, 1822 appeared first on Reason.com. submitted by /u/AbolishtheDraft [link] [comments] Thanks, John Smith. Open Doors The post Israel: Church set on fire by Jewish extremists appeared first on LewRockwell. Archbishop Viganò believes that globalists schemed to remove Benedict XVI from the Vatican and replace him with Francis as part of a worldwide “coup.” According to an April 23 letter by Archbishop Carlo Maria Viganò, he gave a characteristic interview about the Bergoglian reign to editors of Italy’s “Fuori dal coro” (“Out of the Ordinary”) television program. When asked for his evaluation of Pope Francis, the former papal nuncio to the U.S. suggested that every Catholic would judge […] The Accountant was a conceptually odd movie: On the one hand, it was a wonky corporate thriller about a neurodivergent savant digging through receipts to uncover crimes and conspiracies. On the other hand, it was a shoot-‘em-up about a remorseless killer with nearly superhuman abilities, who finishes the movie by gunning down an army of well-armed thugs. The odd thing about the movie is that the killer and the neurodivergent savant are the same guy—as if being autistic […] No matter how much good new anti-woke education policies might do, they fail to deal with the real problem, and that is the existence of “public” education itself.Does Correlation Mean Causation?
Today in Supreme Court History: April 27, 1822
US Has Launched 750 Airstrikes on Yemen Since March 15
Israel: Church set on fire by Jewish extremists
Archbishop Viganò: Bergoglio Was Installed by Globalists To Further the Masonic Revolution
The Accountant 2 Is a Shaggy, Silly Bro-Hangout Movie
The Menace of “Public” Education